What exactly is folic acid and how does it work?

Folic acid belongs to the B vitamin group (vitamin B9). In the body, it plays a key role in cell division and growth. You can think of it as a vital building block while your baby is developing its “home” at a rapid pace. It is particularly important for the development of the nervous system.

Its most important role: During the first four weeks of pregnancy, the embryo’s neural tube closes. This structure later develops into the brain and spinal cord. As this process often takes place before many women realise they are pregnant, folic acid plays an important role in helping to prevent birth defects such as spina bifida.

When is the best time to start taking it?

The ideal start: Experts recommend beginning a folic acid supplement four weeks before trying to conceive. This helps ensure that your body’s stores are already sufficient.

If you are already pregnant: There is no need to worry. If you have only just found out, simply start taking it now. From this point onwards, each tablet will support your baby’s development.

The right dosage: How much folic acid does my baby need?

The recommended amount often depends on when you begin taking it. Here is a simple guide:

• If you start early: Beginning one month before conception, 400 micrograms per day is usually sufficient.
• If you start later: If you only begin after a positive pregnancy test, many doctors recommend 800 micrograms during the first three months to help increase blood levels more quickly.
• After the first trimester: From the 13th week onwards, the dose can usually be reduced to 400 micrograms.

💙 A helpful tip: Folic acid is sensitive to heat and light, which makes it difficult to meet increased needs through food alone, even with foods such as spinach or pulses. High-quality supplements are widely available and are commonly recommended by doctors.

Frequently asked questions about taking folic acid

Can I overdose on folic acid?
An overdose from standard pregnancy supplements is very unlikely in healthy women. As folic acid is water soluble, any excess is usually excreted in the urine. It is still important to follow the daily amount agreed with your doctor. Taking it consistently each day is more important than taking a higher dose.

Are there any side effects?
Most women tolerate folic acid very well. In rare cases, mild gastrointestinal discomfort or restlessness may occur. This is often linked not to the folic acid itself, but to additives in the supplement or combinations with high-dose iron. If you feel unwell, consider trying a different product or taking the tablet with food.

Do I need to take folic acid throughout my entire pregnancy?
The first three months are especially important for organ development. However, many experts recommend continuing supplementation until the end of breastfeeding. Folic acid supports both your baby and your own body, particularly in blood formation, and may help reduce tiredness.

What is the difference between folic acid and folate?
Folate is the naturally occurring form found in foods such as green vegetables. Folic acid is the synthetic form used in supplements. As not all women can convert folate efficiently, activated forms such as Metafolin or Quatrefolic are also available. These can be used more easily by the body.

What happens if I forget to take a tablet?
This can happen. Simply take the next tablet at your usual time the following day. There is no need to take a double dose. Missing a single dose will not affect your baby’s development. The key is to return to your routine.